Modern History Black Book

Modern History
  • 1st Governor of Bengal - Robert Clive (1757)
  • 1st Governor General of Bengal - Warren Hastings (1773)
  • 1st Governor General of India - Lord William Bentinck (1833)
  • 1st Viceroy of India - Lord Canning (1857)
  • Last Viceroy of India - Lord Mountbatten (1947)
  • First Governor General of Independent India - Lord Mountbatten (1947)
  • Last Governor General of Independent India - C. Rajagopalachari


  • Portuguese writer who wrote about the 'Trade and Society in South India' - Duarte Barbosa
  • Under British Rule in India, Professionalized, bureaucratized and Europeanized the administration of East India Company - Lord Cornwallis
  • Lord Cornwallis - Father of Indian Civil Services, Permanent Settlement 1793 in Bengal (स्थायी बंदोबस्त)
  • Britain & France 1763 हस्ताक्षरित ___ की संधि द्वारा वांडीवाश की लड़ाई के बाद भारत में फ्रांस की संपत्ति बहाल हो गई थी - Paris
Britain had expelled all the other companies from India ब्रिटेन ने बाकी सभी कंपनी को भारत से भगाया था
Battle of Swally - (Portuguese) 1612
Battle of Chainsura - (Dutch/Netherlands) 1759
Carnetic Wars (Britishers vs French)

                          1st - 1744 - 48

                         2nd - 1749 - 54

                          3rd - 1756 - 63 Treaty of Paris

  • First French Factory Setup in India - Masulipatnam 1605
  • First English (Temporary) Factory Setup in India - Masulipatnam 1611
  • First English (Permanent) Factory Setup in India - Surat, Gujarat in January 1613
  • First English language newspaper in India - Hicky's Bengal Gazette
  • Maratha & Kesari Newspaper - Bal Gangadhar Tilak (Lokmanya Tilak)
  • Bal Gangadhar Tilak - Shivaji Festival, Ganesh festival in Mumbai, Founder of Homerule League along with Annie Besant (Headquarters in Pune)
  • Battle of Plassey(Bengal) - 1757 (Robert Clive vs Siraj Ud Daula)
  • Battle of Buxar(Bihar) - 1764 (E.I.C Lord Hector Munro vs Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daula & Shah Alam II)
  • Allahabad Treaty by (Robert Clive & Shah Alam II) - in 1765; Diwani Rights of Bengal, Bihar & Odisha give to Britishers
  • Fort William(at the bank of Hugli river) was built in - 1690

  • First Nawab of Bengal - Murshid Quili Khan
  • First Nawab of Hyderabad - Asaf Jha
  • First Nawab of Awadh - Saadat Ali Khan

  • Black Hole Tragedy by Siraj Ud Daula - 20 June 1756 
  • Mughal emperor during battle of Plassey - Alamgir II
  • Mughal emperor during battle of Buxar - Shah Alam II 

Acts
1773 - Regulating Act; Governor of Bengal change into Governor General of Bengal

1833 - Charter Act; Governor General of Bengal into Governor General of India. 
  • 1st Governor General of India - Lord William Bentinck (1833) 

  • 'Subsidiary alliance' concept/thought by - French'Deplex'
  • 'Subsidiary alliance' introduced by - Lord Wellesley 1798
  • Subsidiary alliance treaty was first acceptor in Hyderabad - 1798 Nizam of Hyderabad
  • Subsidiary alliance treaty was imposed on Mysore - 1799
  • Subsidiary alliance treaty was imposed on Awadh - 1801
  • Battle of Aliwal - 2nd Anglo Sikh war
  • Treaty of Amritsar 1809 - British & Maharaja Ranjit Sigh
  • Treaty of Lahore 1846 - British and Maharaja Duleep Singh
  • 1st Anglo Sikh war 1845 - Viceroy: Hardinge
  • 2nd Anglo Sikh war 1849 - Viceroy: Dalhousie
  • In 18th Century, British fought how many wars with the Mysore rulers - 4 Four
1st war 1767-69 : Treaty of Madras
2nd war 1780-84 : Treaty of Mangalore (Hyder Ali died)
3rd war 1790-92 : Treaty of Seringpatnam (Tipu Sultan defeated)
4th war 1798-99 : (Tipu Sultan death) Subsidiary alliance treaty was imposed on Mysore - 1799

  • Capital of Bengal in 1704 - Murshidabad by (Murshid Quili Khan)
  • Administration of India transferred into the hands of British by 'The Proclamation of Queen Victoria' - 1858; November 01
  • British East India Company created in - 1599 (Old name :- The Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies, the John Company, and the East India Company)
  • Permission receive in 1600 by Queen Victoria
  • 1608 - William Hawkins come to India
  • 1615, Sep 18 - Sir Thomas Roe come to the court of Jahangir
  • Mangal Pandey from Meerat (34A Native Infantory)
  • Mangal Pandey attack on British in 29 March 1857
  • Mangal Pandey hanged on - April 08, 1857
  • Leaders of the Santhal Rebellion - Sidhu Manjhi
  • Ho & Munda uprising - 1899
  • Manikarnika Tambe is better known in History as - Rani Lakshimibai (Jhansi)
Place Important Leaders
Delhi Bahadur Shah II & Bakht Khan
Lucknow Begum Hazrat Mahal & Birjis Qadir & Ahmadullah
Kanpur Nana Sahib, Rao Sahib, Tantia Tope & Azimullah
Jhansi Rani Laxmibai
Bihar Kunwar Singh & Amar Singh
Rajasthan Jaidayal Singh & Hardayal Singh
Farrukhabad Tufzal Hasan Khan
Assam Kandapareshwar Singh & Maniram Dutta Baruah
Orissa Surendra Shahi & Ujjwal Shahi
Bareilly Khan Bahadur Khab
Faizabad Maulvi Ahmadullah

  • Dadabhai Naoroji book - Poverty and Un-British Rule in India (Theory :- Drain of Wealth)
  • Dadabhai Naoroji Newspaper - Rost Goftar
  • Grand Old man of India = Dadabhai Naoroji
  • Dadabhai Naoroji - 3 times president of INC
  • Wood's Despatch is related with - Education
  • Wood's Despath = Magna Carta of Indian Education
  • The Hindu College (or Sanskrit College) was established in Banaras - 1791 by Jonathon Duncan
  • The Hindu College was established in Calcutta - 1817 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy with David Hare
  • Who used the ancient texts to suggest that widows could remarry? - Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
  • First Cotton Mill in India was setup as a spinning mill in 1854 - Bombay

Mills in India
1818 - in Fort Gloster, Calcutta - but it couldn't work
1854 - Bombay
1855 - 1st Jute Mill (Rishra West Bengal)

  • Ramakrishna Mission - 01 May 1984 - by Swami Vivekananda
  • Main focus on this mission - Salvation (मोक्ष)
  • Headquarters - Belur Math (Howrah, West Bengal)
  • Swami Vivekananda setup this mission on head teacher of Swami Dayanand Saraswati
  • his childhood name - Narendra Nath Datta
  • Death - 04 July 1902
  • Memorial - Tamil Nadu Rock memorial

  • Arya Samaj 1875 - Swami Dayanand Saraswati
  • Slogans - "Go back to Vedas" & "India for Indians"
Arya Mahila Samaj? - Pandita Ramabai


  • RRR - Raja Ram Mohan Roy
  • Aatmiya Sabha 1814 - Raja Ram Mohan Roy
  • Brahmo Sabha 1828 - Raja Ram Mohan Roy
  • Dev Samaj in [Lahore] - Shri Narayana Agniyotri(Kanpur)
  • Who gave the title of Raja to Raja Ram Mohan Roy? - Akbar II
  • RRR known as - Father of Indian Renaissance (भारतीय पुनर जागरण के पिता)
  • RRR books - Gift to Monotheism , Precepts of Jesus
  • Newspaper - Miratul & Sambad Kaumudi

  • Satyasodhak Samaj - Jyotiba Phule
  • Jyotiba Phule write 'Gulamgiri' in 1873 in Marathi Language
  • The Paramhans Mandli was founded in 1840 at where to work for the abolion of caste - Bombay
  • 1867 Prarthna Samaj -  by Aatmaram Panduranga
  • 'Asiatic Society of Bengal' in 1784 by - Sir William Jones
  • B.R. Ambedkar start 'Temple Entry Movement' - 1927

Sarojini Naidu
  • First Indian Woman President of Indian National Congress
  • also known as - Nightingale of India & Bharat Kokila
  • First Woman Governor of Indian State - Uttar Pradesh
  • Sarojini Naidu was elected first Indian Woman President of the INC - Kanpur 1925

  • Sayyid Ahmad Khan founded Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental Collage in 1875 - in Aligarh
  • In 1920 The University name changed into - AMU (Aligarh Muslim University)
  • First Women Vice-Chancellor of AMU - Naima Khatoon

  • In 1905, Servants of Indian Society founded by - Gopal Krishna Gokhle (Also knows as guru of Mahatma Gandhi & Mhd. Ali Jinna)

  • The First Session of Indian National Congress was held at -  in 1885, Founder - A.O. Humes, at Gokuldas  Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay, Attend 72 Members & 1st Chairman - Wyomesh Chandra Banerji.
  • INC splits into two parts - Naram dall & Garam dall in - 1907. Reason - Bengal Partition
  • Annie Besant president of INC in 1917

  • In which year did resolution at the Karachi Session of the INC dwell on how independent India's Constitution should look? - 1931
  • Two Years back to back President of INC in year 1938 & 1939 - Subhash Chandra Bose
  • Forward Block - by Subhash Chandra Bose in 1939
  • Subhash Chandra Bose made a committee - NPC (National Planning Committee) in 1938, but first chairman - Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
  • Subhash Chandra Bose slogan - Jai Hind, Dilli Chalo, Give me blood I shall give you freedom.
  • Gandhiji called S.C. Bose as the Patriot of Patriots
  • S.C. Bose called Gandhiji as the Father of the Nation.

  • President of Indian National Congress when India won its freedom in 1947 - JB Kripalani
  • The National Anthem of India, "Jana Gana Manna" was the first sung at the which session of the INC - Culcutta session in 1911
  • The National Song of India, "Vande Matram" was first sung at which session of the INC - Culcutta 1896

  • INC Lahore Session - 29 December 1929, President - Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, Purna Swaraj, We boycott first Round Table Conference, Flag hosting at Ravi River, Our first Independence - 26 January 1930.
  • Swaraj Party (1923) made by - Motilal Nehru & CR Das

  • Gandhiji only taking the president position of INC 1924 Belgaum Session (Karnataka)
  • Indian National Association was established in 1876 in Culcutta by - Anand Mohan Bose & Surendra Nath Banerji
  • The first President of the All India Trade Union Congress (1920) was - Lala Lajpat Rai, But made by - NM Joshi
  • Gandhiji - attend only 2nd Round Table Conference held in 

Round Table Conference
1st - 1930
2nd - 1931 
3rd - 1932 

Objective of Round Table Conference :- Discussion on Simon Commission for India
  • All three years present in Round Table Conference - Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
  • Simon Commission made in 1927. Come in India - 1928, Total 7 members, All 7 members are whites

  • Arms Act which disallowed Indians from having arms was passed in - 1878 (Viceroy - Lord Litton)







Continue.............1:23:48




















List of Viceroys of India:-

Here's a list of the Viceroys of India, starting from the establishment of the position in 1858 after the British took control of India from the East India Company, through to the end of British rule in 1947:

Viceroys of India (1858–1947)

  1. Lord Canning (1858–1862)

    • The first Viceroy of India, appointed after the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and the dissolution of the East India Company.

  2. Lord Elgin (1862–1863)

  3. Lord John Lawrence (1864–1869)

  4. Lord Mayo (1869–1872)

  5. Lord Northbrook (1872–1876)

  6. Lord Lytton (1876–1880)

  7. Lord Ripon (1880–1884)

  8. Lord Dufferin (1884–1888)

  9. Lord Lansdowne (1888–1894)

  10. Lord Curzon (1899–1905)

  11. Lord Minto (1905–1910)

  12. Lord Hardinge (1910–1916)

  13. Lord Chelmsford (1916–1921)

  14. Lord Reading (1921–1926)

  15. Lord Irwin (1926–1931)

  16. Lord Willingdon (1931–1936)

  17. Lord Linlithgow (1936–1943)

  18. Lord Wavell (1943–1947)

  19. Lord Mountbatten (1947)

  • The last Viceroy of India who oversaw the partition and independence of India on August 15, 1947.

Key Notes:

  • The position of Viceroy was created after the British government assumed direct control over India in 1858, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857 (also known as the Sepoy Mutiny).

  • The role of the Viceroy was both the head of the British government in India and the representative of the British monarch.

  • The Viceroy's role changed over time, particularly in relation to growing Indian nationalist movements and reforms, with some Viceroys like Lord Curzon and Lord Mountbatten playing pivotal roles in major events like partition and the shaping of India's political future.

Let me know if you'd like more information about any specific Viceroy or events during their tenure!
























Black Book 1 Modern India

  • The Portuguese built their first fort on Indian soil in the territory of the Raja of - Cochin
  • In which year did Vasco De Gama land in Calicut (Kozikode)? - 1498
  • The 'Instrument of Surrender' which ended the Portuguese rule in India was signed on - 19th December 1961
  • The First Viceroy of the Portuguese in the East was - Francisco de Almeida
  • The 'Blue Water Policy' was introduced by the Portugese leader - Francisco de Almeida
  • The Portuguese Governor who abolished Sati in Goa was - Alfonso de Albuquerque
  • Which Portuguese captured Goa? - Alfonso de Albuquerque
  • In which year was the 'Battle of Goa' fought? - 1510
  • In which year did Alfonso de Albuquerque capture Goa, with the help of some locals? - 1510
  • In which year did the Portuguese capture Goa? - 1510 AD
  • The first country which discovered sea route to India was - Portugal
  • Who controlled maximum trade in the western coastal region during 17th century? - Portuguese
  • What was the first thing that encouraged the Europeans for Indian business? - Spices
  • Which European Country, was the first to start a trading station in Kerala? - Portuguese traders
  • Bahadur Shah, the ruler of Gujarat was killed in a conflict with: - Portuguese
  • Which was the earliest settlement of the Dutch in India? - Pulicat
  • Which was the first English ship that came to India? - Red Dragon
  • At which place in Bengal was the East India Company given permission to trade and build a factory by the Mughals in 1651? - Qasim Bazar

Point 28 ✅


Nawab of Bengal
Mir Qasim
Viceroys of India











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